Combustion apparatus



March 31, 1953 s. o. WERNHEIM 2,633,120

COMBUSTION APPARATUS Filed May 24, 1949 v Patented Mar. 31, 1953 anvention relates toicombustion apparatus f 'r"woo'd and other high 'gasyielding solid fuel.

' gases inthe combustion chamber. According to one proposal a.gratingis?arranged in the lower portionof the combustion chamber and agas outlet in onechamber wall. "The 'constructionfis so os n mateiii'ghr'temperatufeis set p adiac'e'ntthiswall'than in the remainder ofthe combustion chamber, which would cause the gases on this side of thechamber to tend to flow upward, .and as a consequence a circulating gasflow would arise in the chamber. The intention was to cause a glowinglayer of coal to remain upon the grating in the lower portion of thecombustion chamber when the fuel is being degassed, and thegascirculation was intended to cause the gases leaving the fuel to bereturned to this glowing coal layer to be cracked'therein and convertedinto easier combustible gases. These gases were to depart and, throughadmission of secondary combustion air, to be burnt in a reheating duct.The wall of the combustion chamber opposite the gas outlet is providedwith an opening for admitting primary combustion air. In additioncombustion air is supplied through the ash-box-situated below thegrating, said air entering into the combustion chamber through thegrating. However, it'has been found that the eifect aimed at, i. e. theintended circulating gas flow in the combustion chamber, practicallyfailed to appear. This result would primarily be due to the fact thatthe flow resistance opposed against the air entering through thegrating-by the fuel in the combustion chamber becomes so great thatpractically all primary combustion air will be admitted into the chamberthrough the opening in the side-wall and only a negligible portion willpass through the grating. This will result in a draught throughthecombustion chamber from said air inlet opening in one side-walltransversely across the chamber to the gas outlet opening. In addition,on account. of this rich air supplyto one side of the combustion chambera lively combustion will occur there resulting in a rise of thetemperature to approximately the same value as is prevailing on the sidewhere the gas outlet. is situated. Thus it will be obvious that nosubstantial circulation due to temperature difierences in the coml2,633,126 i U "ooMBUsTIoN APPARATUS Sven Oskar Wernheiin, Lidingo,Sweden 7 Application May.24,1949 ,.SerialNo.95,129

" InSweden June1 ,j] .9d8

foam. (01. 126 34) PATENT OF C bustion chamber can arise, and that, ifsuch a circulation would tend to occur, this circulation will be removedimmediately by the draught crossing the chamber. Also. in thisconstruction there is a danger of gas explosions within the combustionchamber.

The present invention, being based on the conception indicated in theforegoing, has for its object to offer a complete solution of theproblem setout above and, in addition, to eliminate therisk-of gasexplosions. The mainly characterizing feature of the invention residesinthat the wall of the combustion chamberfopposite the gas outlet isarranged to be-coolcd by heat absorbing means i that the ash-box isarranged to supply all primary combustion air to the combustion chamberthrough the grating, and that the combustion chamber is provided abovethe gas outlet with a wall portion which is arranged to deflect gasesdeveloped within the chamber towards the cooled chamber wall.

The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanyingdrawing illustrating in vertical cross-section a cooking-range providedwith a combustion apparatus according to the invention.

Referring to the drawing, the combustion chamber of the cooking-range isindicated at I. A grating 2 is mounted in the lower portion of thecombustion chamber, and a gas outlet 3 is arranged in one side-wall ofthe chamber above the grating 2. The chamber wall 4 situated oppositethe gas outlet 3 is cooled by a water tank 5 disposed adjacent its outersurface. The fluegases emitted through the gas outlet 3 are conveyedthrough a reheating duct 6 one side-wall of which is formed by thechamber wall 7 situated above the gas outlet 3. Secondary combustion airis admitted into the flue-gas duct 6 through apertures 8. The lattercommunicates with an air circulation duct I0 surrounding the oven 9 andinto which air is admitted through a passage l I.

I The flue-gases flowing through the reheating duct combustion. Thiscauses them to rise on that side of the'chamber where the gas outlet issituated. On the opposite side of the chamber, or; the other hand, thegases will be cooled by a flue-gas the cooled wall 4 and descend alongthe latter. Accordingly, a circulating flow of the gas will be produced,the gas being caused repeatedly to flow past the lower portion of thecombustion chamber, where degassed and glowing coal is encounteredcausing the gas to be cracked into easily combustible gases. The gasthus cracked will then be completely burnt within the reheating duct 6when it is mixed with the sec-. ondary airentering through the apertures8.

The water tank 5, to the same efiect, could be replaced by a jacket orspiral-duct through which water is circulated. It is also possiblethough not illustrated in the drawing, to permit the combustion air tosweep the exterier urface of the chamber wall 4 before being admittedinto the ash-box or into the circulation duct 10. The effect in thiscase will be equivalent to that of water-cooling. Owing to the fact thata substantially circular or oval cross-section has he l; wasted .i r thecembust qa cham er the Walls will 9 99.5? min um flew i9 e n th chmber,-

W I claim and desi 551 secure by Lette s at nt is;

A combustion apparatus for wood or other high ielq ee selid iuelincludin a substant al y ul Q S de were said master; as Q side saidcombustion chamber wall opposite that having said lateral gas outlet andadapted to cool said opposite wall, a curved baflie spaced from saidside wall to define therewitha gas outlet and adapted to deflect gasesdeveloped in said combustion chamber to cause the gases to flow towardssaid cooled chamber wall, said bafile means for deflecting gases towardssaid cc esi Qh m er wall eing smst tuted by a p rtion of the wall ofsaid combustion chamber, and apertures in the wall of said gas outlet 01ngsite said deflecting baflie for supplying secondary combustion airthereto.

SVEN OSKAR WERNHEIM.

REFERENCES CITED following references are of record in the file of thispatent:

UNITED STATE PATENTS EGREIGN scams.

691mm Date Germa y Sept. re, 9 5

